Name: PAULO VINICIOS CAMUZI ZOVICO
Publication date: 26/04/2017
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| VALERIO GARRONE BARAUNA | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| LÍVIA CARLA DE MELO RODRIGUES | Internal Examiner * |
| VALERIO GARRONE BARAUNA | Advisor * |
Summary: OxyElite Pro (OEP) is a dietary supplement to increase metabolism which contains as key stimulant the ingredient 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA). Serious adverse effects have been reported after OEP consumption. However, these effects are related to unknown doses or overdose of supplement. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate acute and chronic OEP affects, at controlled doses in Wistar rats, on physical performance, hemodynamic responses, spontaneous locomotor activity, behavioral parameters and metabolic parameters, liver injury markers and oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. For this we use the following groups of rats: control, 4,3 mg OEP/kg (minimum dose), 12,9 mg OEP/kg (maximum dose) and 25,8 mg OEP/kg (not recommended). All groups were submitted to supplementation with OEP for 4 weeks and the experimental protocols were performed 30 min after the first OEP administration (acute response) and 30 min after the last OEP administration at the end of the forth week (chronic response). Running distance and running time increased after acute administration of 12,9 mg OEP/kg (2.6-fold) and 25,8 mg OEP/kg (2,8-fold). Since no effect on the exercise tolerance test was observed at the lower OEP dose (4,3 mg OEP/kg), this group was removed from further analyzes. Acute supplementation with 12,9 mg/kg OEP was able to increase HR without significantly affecting blood pressure (BP), however, non-recommended doses (25,8 mg/kg OEP) showed an increase in BP and HR. On other hand, running distance and running time decreased after daily supplementation for 4 weeks also in both groups (64% in 12,9 mg OEP/kg and 72% in 25,8 mg OEP/kg). Chronic supplementation at both 12,9 and 25,8 mg OEP/kg decreased TBARS levels in soleus muscle (36 and 31%) and liver (43 and 25%). AOPP was also decreased by both doses in the liver (39 and 45%). Chronic administration of the highest dose, 25,8 mg OEP/kg, was able to reduce mRNA expression of PGC-1α in soleus muscle (25%). No effect was found in other variables such as spontaneous physical activity, behavioral parameters, body weight, food and water intake, hepatic toxicity, cardiac oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA amount. Concluded that maximum and not recommended doses of OEP ingested acutely presented stimulating effect on the ability to exercise. Doses not recommended with OEP significantly increase hemodynamic responses. However, its daily consumption for 4 weeks showed antioxidant effects in soleus muscle and liver which may have decreased the PGC-1α mRNA expression on soleus muscle and contributed to the impaired performance in the exercise tolerance test.
